Comma (, )
A comma is used for various different purposes:
- instead of brackets to create a small interruption within a sentence
- to help clarify meaning.
- between items in a list.
- to create a slight pause before a conjunction/joining word (eg and, but, however, instead).
- as quotation/double speech marks/inverted commas to show spoken words, odd or unusual terms, jargon/slang or around titles in place of italics.
- as an apostrophe (often before "s") to show possession, e.g. the book's cover.
- to show a missing letter, eg "hasn't".
- after words like before, finally, eventually at the beginning of sentences. Other introductory words are: yes, no, well, indeed, nevertheless, however, I believe, in fact , of course, in my opinion, on the other hand, to tell the truth, on the contrary.
Your can read more about commas at: http://www.montanalife.com/writing/Comma_Rules.html
- Replaces a full stop or "and" between two or more sentences that share a theme.
- Used before a joining word when a stronger pause and emphasis is required.
- Used at the end of a sentence to show an answer, elaboration or explanation follows, eg a list, quotation, answer or contrast.
Hypen (-)
- Used to shows a word is incomplete at the end of a line.
- Used between compound words, eg no-one, all-encompassing.
Dash (-)
- Used on eitherside of a comment or explanation
Here is another explanation of punctuation and their uses: http://www.wikihow.com/Use-English-Punctuation-Correctly
See KS3 revision here: http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ks3bitesize/english/reading/sentences/revise1.shtml
Some of the topics have online tests etc
Some extra revision I did on-line: see KS2 revision - BBC Bitesize
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